Environment

Climate TRACE

Climate TRACE GHG Emissions

Historical Data about Greehouse Gas (GHG) emissions from 10 sectors and various sub-sectors at country level. The Climate TRACE data is made available through the Climate TRACE terms of use.

Data Commons

Temperature Event

The events for places with unusual temperatures, either too hot or too cold, computed with reference to long term temperature averages, e.g. the average maximum daily temperature in January over the years 1980-2010.

WetBulb Temperature Event

Wet Bulb temperatures are computed using estimates of temperatures over a period of time (e.g. daily average temperature) and estimates of (relative) humidity (e.g. daily average humidity). In some cases, if humidity and/or temperature data is missing then we use month-specific averages using several years of humidity/temperature observations or climate model projections, e.g. from CMIP6 models. The formula used for wet-bulb temperature calculations is provided in the following paper: https://journals.ametsoc.org/view/journals/apme/50/11/jamc-d-11-0143.1.xml

Dynamic World Project

Inferred Floods from Dynamic World

This dataset includes flooded regions computed from the Dynamic World dataset. These are regions labelled as water and outside regions marked as permanent water in the Hansen Global Forest Change dataset.

This dataset is produced for the Dynamic World Project by Google in partnership with National Geographic Society and the World Resources Institute.

European Union (EU) Copernicus

Copernicus ECMWF - ERA5 Climate Reanalysis Data

ERA5 is the fifth generation ECMWF atmospheric reanalysis of the global climate. Reanalysis combines model data with weather observations from across the world into a globally complete and consistent dataset.

Copernicus Global Land Cover

Land cover data from the Copernicus Land Cover viewer. Data Commons currently includes observations for US states and counties.

Citation for Use.

Federal Emergency Management Agency

National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP)

The National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP), managed by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), enables homeowners, business owners and renters in participating communities to purchase federally backed flood insurance. The data includes insurance claims and amounts paid for flood damage to buildings and its contents aggregated by census-tracts, counties and states. This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency’s OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency’s website(s).

National Risk Index

Data Commons includes relative measures of risk from the 18 natural hazards included in the study for counties and census tracts, as well as annual expected loss figures in USD from individual hazards and in aggregate. This study and associated data are released with this disclaimer.

Global Land Ice Measurements from Space (GLIMS)

Randolph Glacier Inventory

A global inventory of glaciers, including surface areas.

India Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB)

India’s Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) portal for Air Quality Management.

India Air Quality Index

Air Quality Index and possible health impacts reported for states, cities and stations in India.

India Water Resources Information System

The Water Resources Information System (WRIS) is a repository of water resources and related data for India at national, state and district level.

India Water Quality

Water quality data measured at ground and surface water qualiy stations across India providing concentrations of dissolved constituents in water in terms of physical, chemical and biological parameters.

Resources for the Future (RFF)

US Forecast Weather Variability - 0.25 degree resolution

This dataset includes US forecast (till 2100) weather variability at 0.25 degree resolution, expressed as standard deviation, skewness and kurtosis for daily min/max temperature and precipitation. Additionally, it includes statistics for Heavy Precipitation Index and Consecutive Dry Days variables.

US Forecast Weather Variability - County

This dataset includes US county-level forecast (till 2100) weather variability expressed as standard deviation, skewness and kurtosis for daily min/max temperature and precipitation. Additionally, it includes statistics for Heavy Precipitation Index and Consecutive Dry Days variables. These were aggregated from stats at 0.25 degree resolution by Data Commons.

US Geo Grids for RFF

This dataset includes geo grid places in US at 0.25 degree resolution and 4km resolution.

US Historical Weather Variability - 4km resolution

This dataset includes US historical weather variability at 4 KM resolution, expressed as standard deviation, skewness and kurtosis for daily min/max temperature and precipitation. Additionally, it includes statistics for Heavy Precipitation Index and Consecutive Dry Days variables.

US Historical Weather Variability - County

This dataset includes US county-level historical weather variability expressed as standard deviation, skewness and kurtosis for daily min/max temperature and precipitation. Additionally, it includes statistics for Heavy Precipitation Index and Consecutive Dry Days variables. These were aggregated from stats at 4 KM resolution by RFF.

US Wildfire, Smoke and Drought statistics - County and State

This dataset incorporates statistics aggregated by RFF from the following sources:

  1. Temperature, precipitation, and vapor pressure deficit data were obtained from PRISM Climate Group, Oregon State University. Available at: https://prism.oregonstate.edu/recent/. All data span the years 1981 to 2020. Data on maximum temperature, vapor pressure deficit, and precipitation are monthly. Data on minimum temperature are daily.

    License: All data retrieved from https://prism.oregonstate.edu may be freely reproduced and distributed for non-commercial purposes only.

  2. Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI) data come from gridMET. Data are daily for the years 1981 to 2020.

    License: These data are freely available for public use.

  3. Data on forest cover and fire severity in the western US is from Parks & Abatzoglou (2020), available here.

    License: This work is licensed under a CC0 1.0 Universal (CC0 1.0) Public Domain Dedication license.

  4. County-level population estimates from the US Census Bureau. Available here

    License: These data are freely available for public use.

  5. Data on heatwaves come from Resources for the Future and Google Data Commons, available here.

    License: RFF derives heatwave indicators from daily minimum temperature data generated by PRISM Climate Group, University of Oregon. When using these data, please clearly and prominently state the PRISM Climate Group and their URL ( https://prism.oregonstate.edu/ ). According to PRISM’s terms of use, these data may be freely reproduced and distributed for non-commercial purposes only.

  6. MTBS Data Access: Fire Level Geospatial Data. MTBS Project (USDA Forest Service/U.S. Geological Survey), available online here.

    License: These data are freely available for public use.

  7. Data on PM2.5 from wildfire smoke is from Childs et al. 2022, available here.

    License: Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy, of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:

    • The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.

    • The software is provided “as is”, without warranty of any kind, express or implied, including but not limited to the warranties of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose and noninfringement. In no event shall the authors or copyright holders be liable for any claim, damages or other liability, whether in an action of contract, tort or otherwise, arising from, out of or in connection with the software or the use or other dealings in the software.

This data is made available for non-commercial purposes only.

U.S. Bureau of Transportation Statistics

US Tract Transportation Characteristics for Households

Information related to transportation characteristics for households which includes data at Census Tract level on daily personal travel, including information on household and demographic characteristics, employment status, vehicle ownership, trips taken, modal choice, and other related transportation data pertinent to U.S. households.

U.S. Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

Environmental Health Toxicology

Data Commons has imported data on Palmer Drought Severity Index, Standardiazed Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index, Standardized Precipitation Index, Ozone, and PM2.5.

Heat & Heat-related Illness (HRI)

Includes data about various heat-stress-induced medical incidents.

CDC Data Terms of Service.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

Air Data

Air quality data collected from outdoor monitors on the county, CBSA, and site monitor level.

EJSCREEN

Environmental justice mapping tool based on environmental and demographic indicators.

Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program

Annual reporting of greenhouse gases from large emission sources.

National Emissions Inventory

The National Emissions Inventory (NEI) is a comprehensive and detailed estimate of air emissions of criteria pollutants, hazardous pollutants and greenhouse gases from 188 OnRoad air emission sources (such as Mobile Sources Highway Vehicles Electricity and Mobile Sources Border Crossing), 248 NonRoad air emissions sources (such as Mobile Sources Off-highway Vehicle Gasoline and LPG Construction Mining Equipment), 703 NonPoint air emissions sources (such as Industrial Processes Oil Gas Exploration Production and LPG Distribution) and 5818 Point air emissions sources (such as Chemical Evaporation Organic Solvent Evaporation and External Combustion Electric Generation Boilers)at US County Level.

Superfund Sites

Site contamination data, hazard scores and more.

Copyright Status.

U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)

NEX-DCP30

Atmospheric variables from multiple CMIP5 climate models for the United States.

Tech Note.

NEX-GDDP

Atmospheric variables from multiple CMIP5 climate models for the entire world.

Tech Note.

NEX-GDDP-CMIP6

Atmospheric variables from multiple CMIP6 climate models for the entire world.

Tech Note.

VIIRS Active Fire Data

The Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) aboard S-NPP satellite provides 375m resolution data for active fires. This dataset includes area under fire per level 13 S2 cell every day starting in 2012.

U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)

GPCC Monthly SPI Data

Historical monthly SPI calculated from data observed from German Meteorological Service(Deutscher Wetterdienst).

International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship (IBTrACS)

The IBTrACS project provides tropical cyclone best track data in a centralized location. Data Commons includes cyclone name, start date, end date, max wind speed, minimum pressure, max classification, oceanic basin, and affected places.

NOAA-EPA Observed Weather Data

Historical weather data from stations reported largely from NOAA Global Historical Climate Network (GHCN).

NOAA-GFS Weather Forecast

Global daily weather forecast generated from National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) model.

National Climatic Data Center Storm Events Database

Occurrence of storms and other significant weather phenomena having sufficient intensity to cause loss of life, injuries, significant property damage, and/or disruption to commerce; rare, unusual, weather phenomena that generate media attention, such as snow flurries in South Florida or the San Diego coastal area; and other significant meteorological events, such as record maximum or minimum temperatures or precipitation that occur in connection with another event.

National Weather Service Use of NOAA/NWS Data and Products Terms of Service.

U.S. National Wildfire Coordinating Group

National Interagency Fire Center Interagency Situation Report - 209 (SIT-209)

Information related to the wildland fire management incidents and resources.

US Forest Service Terms of Service.

United States Geological Service (USGS)

Advanced National Seismic System Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog (ComCat)

Earthquake source parameters (e.g. hypocenters, magnitudes, phase picks and amplitudes) and other products (e.g. moment tensor solutions, macroseismic information, tectonic summaries, maps) produced by contributing seismic networks. Data Commons includes date, time, location, magnitudes, magnitude errors, depth, depth error, and review status of earthquakes of magnitude 3 onwards starting from 1900.

Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) - National Federal Codes

Codes, names, coordinates, and more information for all “named physical and cultural geographic features (except roads and highways) of the United States”, maintained by GNIS. Data Commons uses this dataset to build containment relationships between places from the US Census Gazetteer dataset.

USGS Copyrights and Credits Terms of Service.

Wildland Fire Interagency Geospatial Services

WFIGS Wildland Fire Areas

The Wildland Fire Interagency Geospatial Services (WFIGS) Group provides authoritative geospatial data products under the interagency Wildland Fire Data Program. This dataset provides areas for all reported wildland fires in the United States at county, state and country level.

WFIGS Wildland Fire Locations

Point Locations for all reported wildland fires in the United States.

WFIGS Wildland Fire Perimeters

The Wildland Fire Interagency Geospatial Services (WFIGS) Group provides authoritative geospatial data products under the interagency Wildland Fire Data Program. This dataset provides perimeters for all reported wildland fires in the United States. We simplify those parameters by using Ramer-Douglas-Peucker algorithm on geoJsonCoordinates with epsilon of 0.01.

Terms of Use.